IohexolDose, contraindications and adverse effects for Dogs and Poultry.

Low-osmolar, nonionic iodinated radiographic contrast medium, used for myelography, CT and GI contrast studies. Iohexol, when used as a contrast agent, can be administered (depending on product and procedure) via intravascular (ie, arterial, venous), intrathecal, intracavitary, subcutaneous, or oral routes.

Iohexol is a near-ideal marker for measuring glomerular filtration rate and, thereby, renal function. Its protein binding is negligible; it is nearly 100% excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours and can be measured in plasma using a variety of assays. When used as a radio-contrast agent, organic iodine is relatively radiopaque and can help define adjacent structures.

Iohexol is contraindicated in patients with a prior hypersensitivity reaction to it. Use with caution in patients with severe renal or he- Iohexol 687 patic impairment, severe cardiovascular disease, hyperthyroidism, monoclonal gammopathy, or pheochromocytoma. In humans, patients with allergy-mediated disease (eg, asthma, food allergies) may be at increased risk for idiosyncratic reactions to iohexol.

When used intravascularly, iohexol appears to be well tolerated in animals, but data are limited. In humans, iohexol is considered one of the least toxic contrast agents, rarely causing nephrotoxicity or hypersensitivity reactions. The oral products have been associated with diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting in humans; data are lacking in veterinary species.

■ No specific monitoring outside of adverse effects and hypersensitivity reactions