Tigilanol TiglateDose, contraindications and adverse effects for Dogs and Horses.

Protein kinase C activator; injected directly into canine mast cell tumors, causing localized tumor cell death and vascular disruption. In dogs with a tumor volume less than 10 cm3, tigilanol tiglate is administered via intratumoral injection to treat nonmetastatic cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCTs) located anywhere on the body or nonmetastatic subcutaneous MCTs at or distal to the elbow or the hock. Intratumoral tigilanol tiglate administration destroys the tumor over ≈1 week, and the resulting wound typically heals within ≈6 w

Tigilanol tiglate disrupts mitochondrial function, resulting in oncolysis. This effect is immediate, short-lived, and limited to the area of injection. In addition, the drug preferentially activates beta II (alpha-, beta I-, and gamma-isoforms of protein kinase C [PKC] are also activated), producing an acute (2 to 4 days) inflammatory response in and around the tumor that…

Tigilanol tiglate is contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to it or to propylene glycol, which is present in the commercial formulation. Do not inject tigilanol tiglate in MCTs with volume greater than 10 cm3, or in the margins of a surgically resected MCT5,6; SC injection in locations above the elbow or hock may result in severe systemic reactions due to mast cell degranulation and must be avoided.

Swelling and bruising at the injection site, which may occur as soon as 2 hours after administration, on the day of treatment occurs in over 90% of treated dogs, whereas pain and heat are noted in ≈50% to 70% of dogs ≈24 hours after injection. Treatment site exudate occurs ≈7 days after injection and may be serous, serosanguinous, sanguineous, seropurulent, or purulent. Wound size following administration is frequently, but not always, proportional to the tumor size.

■ Clinical efficacy ■ Signs of systemic mast cell degranulation for up to 7 days after treatment may include vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia/hyporexia, lethargy, urticaria, hypotension, altered breathing, and edema or bruising at or away from the MCT treatment site ■ CBC, general chemistry, albumin…